King of Spies by Blaine Harden
beginning of war, 65, 68
napalm use, 118, 120
Nichols’s targeting information, 9, 58, 72–73, 84–85, 88–92, 97, 101
Pusan Perimeter, 81–82
Fink, Max, 166
forced labor, 114, 163
Fort Benning, 143
Fort Lauderdale Country Club, 173, 174–75
Fort Lauderdale Sun-Sentinel, 175
George Washington University, 31
Gideon, Clarence, 179
Gideon v. Wainwright, 179
Goodfellow, Millard Preston, 44
Great Arab Revolt, 15
Great Depression, 3, 20, 170
Gregory, George T., 120–21, 184
Guam, 1, 22
Gyorae, 39
Haas, Michael E., 35, 151, 155–56
Han River bridge bombing, 70–72, 223n
Harvard University, 31, 118
Hastings, Max, 95
Hausman, James H., 44
Heart of Darkness (Conrad), 8
Henderson, Gregory, 217n
Hernando County, 182–83
Hernando County Courthouse, 189
Hernando High School, 184–85
Hershey’s, 3, 171
Higgins, Marguerite, 76
Hillenkoetter, Roscoe H., 60
Hirohito, emperor of Japan, 23, 29
Hodge, John R., military governor of Korea, 24–26, 28, 30, 35–36, 37
attitude toward Korean people, 25, 214–15n
Hollywood, Florida, 19
Hollywood Beach Hotel, 19–20
homosexuality, 104–5, 152, 163, 174–75
How Many Times Can I Die? (Nichols), 7, 9–10, 198
on Army life, 21
on assassination attempts, 124
on family, 128–29, 172
on fugitive status, 176
on intelligence activities, 30, 40, 42, 43
on Korean War activities, 70, 71, 74, 75, 77, 79, 101, 105–6, 108, 122, 127, 151
on morality of behavior, 195
on psychiatric treatments, 168–69
publishing, 185–86
research and writing, 183–84, 196
on Rhee, 32
on trial, 180–81
Hull, Harris B., 161
human rights, 25, 26, 107–8
Hurlburt Field, 10
Ilyushin IL-10, 50
interrogations, 40–42, 95, 110, 115
Japan
American occupation of, 16, 18, 25, 53
Korea and, 22–23, 25
during Korean War, American evacuations, 69–70
Murray in, 85–86
Nichols in, 158–60, 161
post–World War II, 18
World War II, 8, 22–23, 118, 122, 134
attack on Pearl Harbor, 20–21
Jebu Island, 116
Jeju uprising, 39, 57, 218n
Johnson, Louis, 83
Jones, John G., 190
Karachi, 21, 22
Kesey, Ken, 163
Kim Bok-dong, 40, 91
Kim Chi-hoe, 41
Kim Chong-sup, 211n
Kim Chung Yul, 43, 83, 100, 117
Kim Dong-choon, 33
Kim Gye-son, 106
Kim Il sung, 27–28
before Korean War, 27–28, 32, 45
during Korean War, 72, 81, 93, 96
armistice, 137–39
Nichols ransacking of house and offices, 2, 94, 97
No’s defection, 132–33, 134, 136
war tactics, 88, 226n
post–Korean War, 145
show trial, 124–28
Kim In-ho, 104–5, 105
Kim In Hwa, 128–31, 196–97
Kim Ji-eok, 114–17
Kim Jong Il, 27
Kim Jong Un, 27
Kimpo Air Force Base, 37, 41, 70–71, 94, 132
Kim “Snake” Chang-ryong, 33, 154, 155, 188
Kleinpeter, James E., 158
Korean Armistice Agreement, 123, 137–39, 144
Korean Central Intelligence Agency (KCIA), 75, 102
Korean Democratic Youth Alliance, 28–29
Korean Liaison Office, 53
Korean Military Advisory Group (KMAG), 45, 55, 71
Korean National Police, 28–29, 34, 40, 194
Korean Peninsula. See also Korean War; North Korea; South Korea
division of, 23–26
history of, 22–28
Korean People’s Army
before Korean War, buildup of, 45, 46
during Korean War, 34, 77, 83, 84, 87, 111
beginning of war, 65, 66
codebreaking, 2, 83–86, 89–90
fall of Seoul, 70–71, 72
Pusan Perimeter, 87–89
Korean War, 2, 5–7, 8
air war, 9, 98–99, 134–35, 144
American evacuations to Japan, 69–70
armistice, 123, 137–39, 144
background of, 45–47
Battle of Inchon, 87, 88, 96, 125, 126, 130
beginning of, 65–69
China’s intervention, 94–99
codebreaking, 82–86, 89–90, 94
factors in U.S. intervention, 68–69
Han River bridge bombing, 70–72, 223n
MiG operations, 5–6, 101–4, 132–36, 228–29n
napalm use, 97, 118–22
North Korea’s invasion, 65–72, 76–77, 81
No’s defection, 132–37
public ignorance about, 193–94
Pusan Perimeter, 81–82, 86–89
stalemate, 109–11
Suiho Dam attack, 121–22
Summer of Terror, 6–7, 76–80
T-34 salvage mission, 73–76, 101–2
Taejon massacre, 6–7, 77–80, 186, 211–12n, 224–25n
Truth and Reconciliation Commission, 33, 78
UN Security Council authorization of force, 67
Ku Klux Klan, 182
Kun Soo Sung, 133–34
Kuter, Laurence S., 146
labor camps, 114, 163
land reforms, 23, 26, 28
Langdon, William R., 214–15n
Lawrence, T. E. (Lawrence of Arabia), 15–17
Lee Kang-hwa, 91
Lee Kun Soon, 50, 106–8
Lee Whal, 134–35
LeMay, Curtis E., 9
Life (magazine), 9
Los Angeles Times, 178
MacArthur, Douglas, 2
background of, 51
during Korean War
Chinese offensive, 95–96, 97–98
firing of, 100–101
Inchon, 87, 88, 96
North Korean invasion, 66, 68, 76, 77
Pusan Perimeter, 81
nickname of Kim “Snake” Chang-ryong, 33
North Korea’s military buildup, 44, 52–54, 59, 60, 61
occupation of Japan, 16, 18, 25
occupation of Korea, 24–26, 30, 35–36, 37
personality of, 51–52, 96
Truman and, 51, 52–54, 96, 100–101
McCarthy, Joseph, 67
MacDill Field, 20
Manchester, William, 51
Manchuria, 174
Mao Zedong, 2, 96, 97
Marshall, George, 24
Mason, Herb, 10
Mastrangelo, Gene, 34
Maxwell Air Force Base Hospital, 168–69
Meadows, Robert “Bobby,” 184, 185
Miami Herald, 178
MiG-15s, 98–99
Nichols’s operations, 5–6, 101–4, 112–13, 228–29n
No’s defection
“MiG Alley,” 98–99, 110, 134–35
military payment certificates (MPC), 150–51
Millett, Allan R., 39, 52
Mirim airfield, 115–16
“modified electroshock,” 166
Morgan, Lindsay, 186–87
Moscow Trials, 125–26
Muccio, John J.
Korean War, 70, 79, 97
Nichols and
letter to Willoughby, 55–56, 221n
Rhee’s relationship, 34, 42–43
Partridge and, 57
Murray, Edward, 85–86
Nagoya Air Field, 65
Naktong River, 86
napalm, 97, 117–22
National Archives, 10, 59, 184
National Assembly (South Korea), 104
National Geographic, 24
National Intelligence Service (Korea), 75, 102, 154
National Security Agency, 83, 85
Naval Institute Press, 9
Nazi Germany, 8, 57–58, 118
New York Herald Tribune, 76
New York Times, 87
Nichols, Bill, 20
Nichols, Bruce (Kim Si Koo), 172–73, 176–77
Nichols, Donald
alleged assassination attempts, 124
Army enlistment, 20–22
autobiography of. See How Many Times Can I Die?
awards and citations, 5–6, 73, 74, 75, 90, 101, 103, 154, 184, 187–88
in Brooksville, 182–87, 196–97
at brother’s farmhouse, 170–74, 179
burial at Brooksville Cemetery, 192–93, 196–98
cash stashes of, 4, 111, 150–52, 171, 172, 173, 177–80, 184
children and family, 128–31, 172–73, 176–78, 186–87, 196–97, 232n
in CIC, 1, 22, 28–29, 30, 71
currency trading, 150–52
death of, 191
early life of, 3, 18–20, 21–22
eating habits of, 3, 19, 171, 175
education of, 3, 19
electroshock treatments, 7, 8, 162–67
fugitive in Mexico, 4, 176–80
surrender, 179–80
hero’s return to South Korea, 187–88, 239n
homosexuality of, 104–5, 152, 163, 174–75
involuntary hospital stays, 7, 158–67, 168–69
Kim Il Sung show trial, 124–25, 126–28
before Korean War
arrival in South Korea, 22–23, 28–29
counterintelligence, 28–29, 30, 40–42
North Korean war plan reports, 46–55, 59–60
predictions of North Korean invasion, 50–51, 53, 66
witness to civil war, 39–44
during Korean War
agent recruitment, 90–92, 104–8, 114–15, 120
American evacuations to Japan, 69–70
armistice, 137–39
beginning of war, 65–66
bombing targets, 9, 58, 72–74, 84–85, 88–92, 119–23
Chinese offensive, 94–99
codebreaking, 2, 82–86, 89–90, 94
covert missions, 90–91, 99–104, 111–13
double agents, 6, 108, 120–21
extensions of overseas duty, 113–14
Han River bridge bombing, 70–72, 223n
island empire, 110–11, 114, 123
Kim and, 114–17
late-night attack, 106–7
loss rate for agents, 107–8, 120–21
MiG operations, 5–6, 101–4, 112–13, 228–29n
MP’s disappearance, 107–8
napalm use, 118–22
Nick’s Unit, 2, 5, 99–100, 104–8, 110–13, 114, 144–45, 157–58
North Korean defectors, 41–42, 44, 50, 82–84, 106–7, 114–17, 132–37, 145
No’s defection, 132–37
Pusan Perimeter, 82, 86–89
searching Kim Il Sung house, 2, 94, 97
spying sources and methods, 131–37
Suiho Dam attack, 121–22
T-34 salvage mission, 73–76, 101–2
Taejon massacre, 6–7, 77–80, 186, 211–12n, 224–25n
treatment of Americans, 147, 148
treatment of Koreans, 147–48, 149
post–Korean War military career, 143–46, 157–58
discharge from air force, 167–68
post–Korean War civilian life, 170–74
arrest, 177–79
fugitive status, 4, 176–80
sexual molestation charges, 173–78, 188–91, 195–96
trial, 180–81
Lawrence compared with, 15–17
legacy of, 194–95
morality of behavior, 195
Muccio and, 34, 40, 42–43
letter to Willoughby, 55–56, 221n
parachute jump training, 105–6, 110, 116–17, 143
paranoia of, 124
Partridge and, 92, 97, 183
first meeting, 56–58
intelligence gathering and covert missions, 57–59, 60, 68–69, 90–91, 94, 99–100, 108, 111, 113, 145–46
letters seeking help, 160, 161–62, 164–65, 167
promotions, 90
personality of, 3–4, 17
personal life in Korea, 128–31
police work of, 21, 22
promotions of, 4–5, 90, 209n
psychiatric treatments of, 7, 158–67, 168–69
Rhee and, 2, 31–35, 154, 169, 174, 188, 194–95
creation of air force, 42–44
Korean War, 6, 72, 103–4, 105, 137, 194–95
Nichols’s dismissal from Korea, 152–53, 155–56
personal request as adviser, 42–43, 45
post–Korean War, 137, 139
sacking of, 7, 146–58
Dunn report, 146–49
formal investigations, 149–52
rebuttal, 157–58
Rhee and, 152–55
Willoughby and, 50, 53, 54–56, 59, 61, 92
during World War II, 20–21
Nichols, Donald, II (“Donnie”)
birth father questions, 128–29
death of, 186–87
father’s fugitive status, 176–78
in Florida, 129, 172–73, 184–86
gravesite of, 196
Nichols, Donald H., 22, 124, 129, 131, 152, 165, 171–72, 174, 187, 190
Nichols, Fern, 22, 172
Nichols, Judson, 177
brother’s arrival in household, 170–74, 179
brother’s cash, 151–52
brother’s fugitive status, 178–79
brother’s treatments, 165
early life of, 20, 21–22
Nichols, Lee Tae Chon, 172–73, 176
Nichols, Linda, 187, 190
Nichols, Walter, Jr., 22, 172
Nichols, Walter, Sr., 3, 18–19, 20, 197
Nichols, William, 22
Nicholson, Jack, 163, 166
Nick’s Unit (Detachment 2 of 6004th Air Intelligence Service Squadron), 2, 5, 99–100, 104–8, 110–13, 114, 144–45, 157–58
Noble, Harold, 126
No Kum Sok (Kenneth Rowe), 132–37, 233n
North American Air Defense Command (NORAD), 145, 160, 164
North American F-86 Sabres, 98, 102–3, 113
North American T-6 Texans, 85
North Korea, 1–2
division of, 23–26
Kim Il Sung’s show trial, 124–28
during Korean War, 5–6, 9, 16
armistice, 137–39
defectors, 41–42, 50, 82–84, 106–7, 114–17, 132–37, 145
invasion, 16,
Nichols’s bombing targets, 9, 58, 72–73, 84–85, 88–92, 119–23
Nichols’s reports on war plans, 46–55, 59–60
prewar military buildup, 44, 46–55, 59–60
Soviet Union and, 16, 23–24, 26–28
North Korean People’s Army. See Korean People’s Army
occupation of Japan, 16, 18, 25, 53
occupation of Korea. See American occupation of Korea
O’Donnell, Emmett “Rosie,” 94, 143–44
Oliver, Robert T., 44, 45
One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest (movie), 163–64, 166
Operation Everready, 138–39
Opium Wars, 29
Oryu-dong, 131–32, 150
Paek Hyong-bok, 127
parachute jumping, 105–6, 110, 116–17, 143
Partridge, Earle E., 56–59
appearance of, 58
background of, 57–58
during Korean War, 68–69, 90–91, 100, 103, 119
beginning of war, 65–66
codebreaking, 84–85
Nichols and, 92, 97, 183
first meeting, 56–58
intelligence gathering and covert missions, 57–59, 60, 68–69, 90–91, 94, 99–100, 108, 111, 113, 145–46
letters seeking help, 160, 161–62, 164–65, 167
promotions, 90
at NORAD, 145, 160, 164
Partridge, Katy, 66
Partridge, Kay, 66
Patton, George S., 81
Pearl Harbor attack, 20–21
Pearson, Joynelle, 183–84
Peng Dehuai, 96
People’s Army (North Korea). See Korean People’s Army
People’s Liberation Army (China), 94–96, 96
Pierce, Frank, 79
“positive intelligence,” 30
post–World War II, 17–18
Princeton University, 31
prisoners of war (POWs), 76, 95, 108, 138
Project Willy, 85–86
prostitution, 104–5
Purple Heart, 73, 223n
Pusan Perimeter, 81–82, 86–89
Pyongyang, 73, 94, 96–97
Raynor, Spencer W., 50
Red Scare, 67–68
Reed, Jack B., 29–30
Republic of Korea. See South Korea
Republic of Korea Army, 6, 45–46, 49, 66, 76
Han River bridge bombing, 70–72, 223n
Rhee, Syngman
background of, 31–32, 36–37
education of, 31, 36
independence activities, 25, 37–38
during Korean War, 6, 34, 69
armistice, 137–39
Summer of Terror, 6–7, 76–80
Taejon massacre, 6–7, 77–80, 211–12n, 224–25n
military hardware requests, 44, 45–46
Nichols and, 2, 31–35, 154, 169, 174, 188, 194–95